The 'Big 5' publishers collectively own nearly 80% of the trade book market in the US (Grady, 2022). They are the embodiment of the traditional publishing market and have been increasingly criticized for their excessive gatekeeping practices (agents and traditional publishers are more selective than ever, minority voices are still underrepresented, and authors are expected to put an increasing amount of work into their own editing/sales/marketing without seeing a rise in profits).
Penguin Random House – (includes Bantam, Knopf Doubleday, Dutton, and Putnam)
Go to https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/imprints/ for complete list
250+ different imprints under their name
70k digital and 15k print books annually
Hachette Book Groups (includes Little Brown Books)
Go to https://www.hachettebookgroup.com/landing-page/imprints/ for complete list
Dozens of imprints under their name
2k+ adult books, 500 children and YA books, and 750 audiobooks annually
Harper Collins (includes Avon and William Morrow)
Go to https://www.harpercollins.com/pages/corporate-harpercollins-imprints for complete list
120 imprints worldwide
10k books published annually
Macmillan (includes Tor Books, Bloomsbury, and Wattpad)
Go to https://us.macmillan.com/publishers/ for complete list
Dozens of imprints worldwide
Simon & Schuster (includes Scribner)
Go to https://about.simonandschuster.biz/divisions-and-imprints/ for full list
Owned by media mogul Paramount that owns CBS, CMT, Comedy Central, MTV, Nickelodeon, and theCW television networks ( Go to https://www.paramount.com/brands for details)
Dozens of imprints worldwide
2k+ books annually
Recently, one of the largest of the five (Penguin Random House) and Simon and Schuster have been involved in a lawsuit with the US justice department after the proposal of a merger between the two companies that would shrink the 'Big 5' to the 'Big 4' and make the market less competitive, driving author compensation down (you can read more about the lawsuit here).
Resources
Grady, C. (2022, August 25). Book publishers just spent 3 weeks in court arguing they have no idea what they're doing. Vox. Retrieved October 31, 2022, from https://www.vox.com/culture/23316541/publishing-antitrust-lawsuit-merger-department-justice-penguin-random-house-simon-schuster